2020年10月9日 星期五

How MSM Parse Partition Table in Kernel


call flow
msm_nand_probe()
  |-> msm_nand_parse_smem_ptable() 
    |-> smem_get_entry(SMEM_AARM_PARTITION_TABLE)
  |-> mtd_device_parse_register()


code snippet, https://android.googlesource.com/kernel/msm/+/android-msm-hammerhead-3.4-kk-r1/drivers/mtd/devices/msm_qpic_nand.c
#define FLASH_PART_MAGIC1        0x55EE73AA
#define FLASH_PART_MAGIC2        0xE35EBDDB
#define FLASH_PTABLE_V3         3
#define FLASH_PTABLE_V4         4
#define FLASH_PTABLE_MAX_PARTS_V3  16
#define FLASH_PTABLE_MAX_PARTS_V4  32
#define FLASH_PTABLE_HDR_LEN     (4*sizeof(uint32_t))

// Parititon Table Store in Flash.
struct flash_partition_entry {
  char name[FLASH_PTABLE_ENTRY_NAME_SIZE];
  u32 offset;   /* Offset in blocks from beginning of device */
  u32 length;   /* Length of the partition in blocks */
  u8 attr;     /* Flags for this partition */
};

struct flash_partition_table {
  u32 magic1;
  u32 magic2;
  u32 version;
  u32 numparts;
  struct flash_partition_entry part_entry[FLASH_PTABLE_MAX_PARTS_V4];
};

static struct mtd_partition mtd_part[FLASH_PTABLE_MAX_PARTS_V4];

static int __devinit msm_nand_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
{
  ...
  err = msm_nand_parse_smem_ptable(&nr_parts);
  ...
  for (i = 0; i < nr_parts; i++) {
    mtd_part[i].offset *= info->mtd.erasesize;
    mtd_part[i].size *= info->mtd.erasesize;
  }
  err = mtd_device_parse_register(&info->mtd, NULL, NULL, &mtd_part[0], nr_parts);
  ...
}

// Get Partition Table from RAM/Flash via smem_get_entry(SMEM_AARM_PARTITION_TABLE).
static int msm_nand_parse_smem_ptable(int *nr_parts)
{
  uint32_t  i, j;
  uint32_t len = FLASH_PTABLE_HDR_LEN;
  struct flash_partition_entry *pentry;
  char *delimiter = ":";
  pr_info("Parsing partition table info from SMEM\n");
  /* Read only the header portion of ptable */
  ptable = *(struct flash_partition_table *)
            (smem_get_entry(SMEM_AARM_PARTITION_TABLE, &len));
  /* Verify ptable magic */
  if (ptable.magic1 != FLASH_PART_MAGIC1 || 
      ptable.magic2 != FLASH_PART_MAGIC2) {
    pr_err("Partition table magic verification failed\n");
    goto out;
  }
  /* Ensure that # of partitions is less than the max we have allocated */
  if (ptable.numparts > FLASH_PTABLE_MAX_PARTS_V4) {
    pr_err("Partition numbers exceed the max limit\n");
    goto out;
  }
  /* Find out length of partition data based on table version. */
  if (ptable.version <= FLASH_PTABLE_V3) {
    len = FLASH_PTABLE_HDR_LEN + FLASH_PTABLE_MAX_PARTS_V3 *
        sizeof(struct flash_partition_entry);
  } else if (ptable.version == FLASH_PTABLE_V4) {
    len = FLASH_PTABLE_HDR_LEN + FLASH_PTABLE_MAX_PARTS_V4 *
        sizeof(struct flash_partition_entry);
  } else {
    pr_err("Unknown ptable version (%d)", ptable.version);
    goto out;
  }
  *nr_parts = ptable.numparts;
  ptable = *(struct flash_partition_table *)
        (smem_get_entry(SMEM_AARM_PARTITION_TABLE, &len));
  for (i = 0; i < ptable.numparts; i++) {
    pentry = &ptable.part_entry[i];
    if (pentry->name == '\0')
      continue;
    /* Convert name to lower case and discard the initial chars */
    mtd_part[i].name = pentry->name;
    for (j = 0; j < strlen(mtd_part[i].name); j++)
      *(mtd_part[i].name + j) = tolower(*(mtd_part[i].name + j));
      strsep(&(mtd_part[i].name), delimiter);
      mtd_part[i].offset      = pentry->offset;
      mtd_part[i].mask_flags  = pentry->attr;
      mtd_part[i].size        = pentry->length;
      pr_debug("%d: %s offs=0x%08x size=0x%08x attr:0x%08x\n",
          i, pentry->name, pentry->offset, pentry->length, pentry->attr);
  }
  pr_info("SMEM partition table found: ver: %d len: %d\n",
      ptable.version, ptable.numparts);
  return 0;
out:
  return -EINVAL;
}

static const struct of_device_id msm_nand_match_table[] = {
  { .compatible = "qcom,msm-nand", },
  {},
};


2020年9月27日 星期日

Linux Kernel(10.3.1)- Command line partition table parsing for Kernel 4.19


由於10.3的kernel過時,所以10.3.1是用kernel 4.19來做補充。
MTD Partition除了在code中寫死以外,其實還可以透過一些parsers來作規劃,這一章就要來教大家如何使用"Command line partition table parsing"。
首先必須在kernel中啟用"Command line partition table parsing",請參照10.3。
接著在command line中加入mtdparts的設定,其簡單說明如下:
 * mtdparts=<mtddef>[;<mtddef]
 * <mtddef>  := <mtd-id>:<partdef>[,<partdef>]
 * <partdef> := <size>[@<offset>][<name>][ro][lk]
 * <mtd-id>  := unique name used in mapping driver/device (mtd->name)
 * <size>    := standard linux memsize OR "-" to denote all remaining space
 *              size is automatically truncated at end of device
 *              if specified or truncated size is 0 the part is skipped
 * <offset>  := standard linux memsize
 *              if omitted the part will immediately follow the previous part
 *              or 0 if the first part
 * <name>    := '(' NAME ')'
 *              NAME will appear in /proc/mtd
 *
 * <size> and <offset> can be specified such that the parts are out of order
 * in physical memory and may even overlap.
 *
 * The parts are assigned MTD numbers in the order they are specified in the
 * command line regardless of their order in physical memory.

 * Due to the way Linux handles the command line, no spaces are
 * allowed in the partition definition, including mtd id's and partition
 * names.

這裡我用qemu與mtdram來執行,執行參數如下
qemu-system-arm -s -M vexpress-a9 -m 128M -kernel ./linux/arch/arm/boot/zImage \
                -dtb ./linux/arch/arm/boot/dts/vexpress-v2p-ca9.dtb -initrd ./initrd-arm.img \
                -nographic -append "console=ttyAMA0 mtdparts=\"mtdram test device:1024k(p1),1024k(p2),-(p3)\""

這裡特別要說明的是mtd-id就是mtd name,基本上你可以以cat /proc/mtd,就可以知道mtd name了,或者trace一下code也行
// file "drivers/mtd/cmdlinepart.c"
static int parse_cmdline_partitions(struct mtd_info *master,
                    const struct mtd_partition **pparts,
                    struct mtd_part_parser_data *data)
{
    ...
const char *mtd_id = master->name;
    /*
     * Search for the partition definition matching master->name.
     * If master->name is not set, stop at first partition definition.
     */
    for (part = partitions; part; part = part->next) {
        if ((!mtd_id) || (!strcmp(part->mtd_id, mtd_id)))
            break;
    }
    ...
}

// drivers/mtd/devices/mtdram.c
static int __init init_mtdram(void)
{
    ...
    err = mtdram_init_device(mtd_info, addr, MTDRAM_TOTAL_SIZE, "mtdram test device");
    ...
}

int mtdram_init_device(struct mtd_info *mtd, void *mapped_address,
        unsigned long size, const char *name)
{
    ...
    /* Setup the MTD structure */
    mtd->name = name;
    ...
}

此外我多印了一些deubg資訊在drivers/mtd/cmdlinepart.c
diff --git a/drivers/mtd/cmdlinepart.c b/drivers/mtd/cmdlinepart.c
index 3ea44cff9b75..a411ce85097e 100644
--- a/drivers/mtd/cmdlinepart.c
+++ b/drivers/mtd/cmdlinepart.c
@@ -48,6 +48,7 @@
  * edb7312-nor:256k(ARMboot)ro,-(root);edb7312-nand:-(home)
  */

+#define DEBGU
 #define pr_fmt(fmt)    "mtd: " fmt

 #include 
@@ -58,7 +59,7 @@
 #include 

 /* debug macro */
-#if 0
+#if 1
 #define dbg(x) do { printk("DEBUG-CMDLINE-PART: "); printk x; } while(0)
 #else
 #define dbg(x)
@@ -315,6 +316,7 @@ static int parse_cmdline_partitions(struct mtd_info *master,
        struct cmdline_mtd_partition *part;
        const char *mtd_id = master->name;

+       printk("BROOK, %s(#%d), cmdline_parsed:%d\n", __func__, __LINE__, cmdline_parsed);
        /* parse command line */
        if (!cmdline_parsed) {
                err = mtdpart_setup_real(cmdline);
@@ -327,12 +329,15 @@ static int parse_cmdline_partitions(struct mtd_info *master,
         * If master->name is not set, stop at first partition definition.
         */
        for (part = partitions; part; part = part->next) {
+           printk("BROOK, %s(#%d), mtd_id:%s, part->mtd_id:%s\n", __func__, __LINE__, mtd_id, part->mtd_id);
                if ((!mtd_id) || (!strcmp(part->mtd_id, mtd_id)))
                        break;
        }

-       if (!part)
+       printk("BROOK, %s(#%d), part:%p\n", __func__, __LINE__, part);
+       if (!part) {
                return 0;
+       }

        for (i = 0, offset = 0; i < part->num_parts; i++) {
                if (part->parts[i].offset == OFFSET_CONTINUOUS)

執行結果如下:
/ # dmesg
...
[    4.688086] BROOK, parse_cmdline_partitions(#319), cmdline_parsed:0
[    4.688876] DEBUG-CMDLINE-PART:
[    4.688994] parsing <1024k(p1),1024k(p2),-(p3)>
[    4.690787] DEBUG-CMDLINE-PART:
[    4.690944] partition 2: name <p3>, offset ffffffffffffffff, size ffffffffffffffff, mask flags 0
[    4.692017] DEBUG-CMDLINE-PART:
[    4.692102] partition 1: name <p2>, offset ffffffffffffffff, size 100000, mask flags 0
[    4.692950] DEBUG-CMDLINE-PART:
[    4.693034] partition 0: name <p1>, offset ffffffffffffffff, size 100000, mask flags 0
[    4.693993] DEBUG-CMDLINE-PART:
[    4.694101] mtdid=<mtdram test device> num_parts=<3>
[    4.695000] BROOK, parse_cmdline_partitions(#332), mtd_id:40000000.flash, part->mtd_id:mtdram test device
[    4.696546] BROOK, parse_cmdline_partitions(#337), part:  (null)
[    4.763129] BROOK, parse_cmdline_partitions(#319), cmdline_parsed:1
[    4.763742] BROOK, parse_cmdline_partitions(#332), mtd_id:48000000.psram, part->mtd_id:mtdram test device
[    4.764461] BROOK, parse_cmdline_partitions(#337), part:  (null)
[    4.806551] BROOK, parse_cmdline_partitions(#319), cmdline_parsed:1
[    4.808150] BROOK, parse_cmdline_partitions(#332), mtd_id:mtdram test device, part->mtd_id:mtdram test device
[    4.809227] BROOK, parse_cmdline_partitions(#337), part:(ptrval)
[    4.810325] 3 cmdlinepart partitions found on MTD device mtdram test device
[    4.811006] Creating 3 MTD partitions on "mtdram test device":
[    4.813103] 0x000000000000-0x000000100000 : "p1"
[    4.830841] 0x000000100000-0x000000200000 : "p2"
[    4.846502] 0x000000200000-0x000000400000 : "p3"
...

/ # cat /proc/mtd
dev:    size   erasesize  name
mtd0: 08000000 00040000 "40000000.flash"
mtd1: 02000000 00001000 "48000000.psram"
mtd2: 00100000 00020000 "p1"
mtd3: 00100000 00020000 "p2"
mtd4: 00200000 00020000 "p3"

/ # zcat /proc/config.gz | grep -i MTDRAM
CONFIG_MTD_MTDRAM=y
CONFIG_MTDRAM_TOTAL_SIZE=4096
CONFIG_MTDRAM_ERASE_SIZE=128




2020年9月12日 星期六

LP5560 - Single-LED Driver With Single-Wire Control


這是一顆我們俗稱的呼吸燈,因為預設的行為就像呼吸一樣,由滅到緩慢至亮,再由亮緩慢至滅。可以透過Single-Wire控制其行為,作法大同小異。這裡就稍微筆記一下。

6.6 Single-Wire Interface Timing Requirements

這裡描述了每個階段的high/low以及min/max時間,比如TC_ON > 20us,TC_OF > 30us之類的,簡略的code如下
#define SHORT_DELAY 10
#define TC_ON (20 + SHORT_DELAY)
#define TC_OFF (30 + SHORT_DELAY)
#define T_ENTER (500 + 10*SHORT_DELAY)
#define T_BLANK (1500 - 500)

// T-ENTER 
GPIO(CTRL_PIN, high);
us_delay(TC_ON);
GPIO(CTRL_PIN, low);
us_delay(TC_OFF);

GPIO(CTRL_PIN, high);
us_delay(TC_ON);
GPIO(CTRL_PIN, low);
us_delay(TC_OFF + T_ENTER + T_BLANK); // over T-BLANK period


7.3.3.4 Entering Follow Mode

這裡描述Entering Follow Mode的指令結構,基本上就是,"Training start command" + "Blank Period" + "Follow Mode command" + "Training end command"
#define SHORT_DELAY 10
#define TC_ON (20 + SHORT_DELAY)
#define TC_OFF (30 + SHORT_DELAY)
#define T_ENTER (500 + SHORT_DELAY)
#define T_BLANK (1500 - 500)
#define TCAL (350 + 10 * SHORT_DELAY))
#define TT_OFF (200 + 10 * SHORT_DELAY)
#define TIMEOUT (127 * TCAL)

static void training_start_command(void)
{
  int i = 0;
  while (i++ < 2) {
    GPIO(CTRL_PIN, high);
    us_delay(TC_ON);
    GPIO(CTRL_PIN, low);
    us_delay(TC_OFF);
  }
  us_delay(T_ENTER + T_BLANK); // over T-BLANK period due to 
}

static void follow_mode(uint32_t i, uint32_t r1, uint32_t on1, uint32_t f1, uint32_t off1)
{
  // C
  GPIO(CTRL_PIN, high);
  us_delay(TCAL);
  GPIO(CTRL_PIN, low);
  us_delay(TT_OFF);

  // I
  GPIO(CTRL_PIN, high);
  us_delay(i * TCAL);
  GPIO(CTRL_PIN, low);
  us_delay(TT_OFF);

  // r1
  GPIO(CTRL_PIN, high);
  us_delay(r1 * TCAL);
  GPIO(CTRL_PIN, low);
  us_delay(TT_OFF);

  // on1
  GPIO(CTRL_PIN, high);
  us_delay(on1 * TCAL);
  GPIO(CTRL_PIN, low);
  us_delay(TT_OFF);

  // off1
  GPIO(CTRL_PIN, high);
  us_delay(off1 * TCAL);
  GPIO(CTRL_PIN, low);
  us_delay(TT_OFF);
}

static void training_start_command(void)
{
  int i = 0;
  while (i++ < 3) {
    GPIO(CTRL_PIN, high);
    us_delay(TC_ON);
    GPIO(CTRL_PIN, low);
    us_delay(TC_OFF);
  }
  // more than 127 × TCAL time this is interpreted as timeout.
  us_delay(TIMEOUT );
}





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